Cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver condition that occurs in later pregnancy (usually the third trimester). When the bile flow is disrupted, bile acids collect in the bloodstream, leading to similar conditions. The most common symptom is severe itching - commonly occurring in the hands and feet. Cholestasis usually resolves after delivery, but this has certain risks to both mother and fetus, so it is important to understand its causes and management.
Causes of Cholestasis of Pregnancy
The cause of cholestasis in pregnancy is not fully defined. However, several factors are thought to contribute to its occurrence
- Hormonal Changes
During pregnancy, hormonal states increase estrogen and progesterone levels in the body, which can subsequently lead to a shutdown of the liver's ability to transport bile. This will lead to characteristic itching because the concentrations of bile acids begin to build up within the liver and the bloodstream.
- Genetic Predisposition
Women who have a family history of cholestasis are at increased risk of this pregnancy complication.
This condition is usually common with women descending from Hispanic or Swedish heritage due to common genetic factors.
- Environmental Factors
Interestingly, cholestasis is more common in the winter months. This could be due to the lack of sunlight exposure, which leads to lower vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency leads to improper liver functioning and bile regulation.
- Other Health Conditions
Women who have had previous liver disease or multiple pregnancies (twins or more) are more likely to develop this hitch.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
The major characteristic of cholestasis during pregnancy is intense itching that may worsen at night and is often not a pruritic rash. Less common symptoms include jaundice, dark urine, fatigue, and groin enlargement. Diagnosis depends on blood tests measuring liver function and bile acid levels.
Managing Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Some of the management strategies for cholestasis of pregnancy aim to relieve symptoms and minimize possible risks to the fetus. Treatment consists of medications, including ursodeoxycholic acid, to treat liver function and decrease bile acid levels. In rare cases, early delivery may be advised in order to prevent complications such as preterm birth or stillbirth.
Pregnancy Tips for Managing Cholestasis
If diagnosed with cholestasis of pregnancy, consider the following pregnancy tips -
Regular Monitoring: Continue to have close contact with your healthcare provider so that they can monitor the liver function and fetal health.
Lifestyle Adjustments: Itching can be alleviated, for example, by wearing loose-fitting clothing, which helps prevent allergic reactions.
Balanced Diet: Make healthy eating a goal during pregnancy stages. Several fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins help support overall health.
Final Thoughts!
Cholestasis of pregnancy is something to be concerned about but usually resolves after delivery. Although it is unlikely to recur in future pregnancies, there still remains a significant chance and, therefore, an indication for genetic counseling or further research into stem cell banking as a measure of prevention. Here at Cryoviva, we have state-of-the-art technology to make stem cell banking accessible to everyone.
One utilizes a pregnancy calculator to keep track of all the milestones as well as symptoms; this way, the woman will know if anything is wrong so it is treated right away. Also, you have to be aware and proactive about your health.
Knowing the causes and treatment for cholestasis of pregnancy will enable women to feel in control of their health and provide the best care for both the mother and the baby.
